Simulations: IP Tracker

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Unwanted ion gas cloud

High energy beams being delivered to interaction regions exist in near-vacuum conditions. Some residual gas, nevertheless, populates the beamline and will likely interact with the passing beams. Albeit brief, such beam-cloud interactions will generate more and more ions over time, and the ion collections will inevitably affect the beam. We do not want this new phenomenon to alter original physics of the beam altered significantly--if at all. To that end, we want to study the extent of ion generation and its noticeable effects on the beam that generated them.

Destabilization of beam

Electrons are low-energy particles emitted from ionization by the beam. Their most potent side effect emerges when an electron gas cloud--through which a positron beam must pass--causes the spot sizes and emittances of positron beam to grow exponentially. We choose to study the threshold levels above which the electron cloud effect cannot be ignored. Our results are well-documented for both X-band and superconducting (cold) designs. We include a full paper and a presentation, and we recommend further simulations be performed with the Cloud Mad suite developed by NLC.

Dangers to the vertex detector

Ions (positive) have much higher energies than electrons, because of their masses and the greater accelerations they receive from the beam. Throughout the IP region, there exists a solenoidal field that guides newly created ions into cyclotron motion. Unfortunately, many ions are capable of drifting too far out and into the surrounding detector equipment, where sensitive electronics are prone to damage. We study the extent of ion bombardment, both again in a full paper and a presentation. The physics involved is encapsulated in our main program, IP Tracker, whose suite of tools of available for download.